选择性注意加工机制上学困生和学优生的比较研究

本实验使用正、负启动技术 ,在严格控制各种条件下比较学困生和学优生在选择性注意加工机制———目标激活和分心物抑制方面的差异 ,进而探讨学困生在选择性注意加工机制上所存在的问题。结果显示 ,学困生和学优生的正启动量差异不显著 (p >0 .0 5 ) ,但学困生的负启动量显著小于学优生 (p <0 .0 0 1。这一结果说明 ,学困生在对目标反应期间易受分心物干扰 ,其抑制分心物干扰的能力较弱。同时启示我们应注重训练学困生抑制分心物干扰的能力

A Comparative Study on the Selective Attention Processing Mechanism Between Students Good at Learning and Students with Learning Difficulties

In strictly controlled conditions, by using positive priming and negative priming as techniques, this study examined the differences of the selective attention processing mechanism-target activation and distractor inhibition between students good at learning and students with learning difficulties. It further explored the problems of students with learning difficulties the in the selective attention processing mechanism. The results showed that, for target activation, there was no significant difference in the positive priming effect between the two groups (p>0. 05); while for distractor inhibition, the good students had a much more significant negative priming effect than the students with learning difficulties (p<0. 001). The results sugguested that students with learning difficulties were more easily interfered with by distractors in their response to targets, and their ability to inhibit distractor interference was poorer, which indicated that we should put more emphasis on the training of the ability to inhibit distractor interference of students with learning difficulties.