人类技巧学习的脑功能成像研究进展

近10年来的脑功能成像研究表明，人类技巧学习是一个动态过程。在这一过程中，有关脑区的活动发生了阶段性的变化。在学习的早期阶段，由于神经元选择性提高，有关脑区的活动减弱；而在晚期，由于新神经元的参与，有关脑区的活动增强。脑区活动的阶段性变化还可能与学习过程中被试对任务的意识和加工策略的转变有关。在学习过程中，不同脑区之间逐渐建立联系并组成临时任务指向性系统，这一系统受到额叶等联合皮层的调控。

Progress In Functional Neuroimaging Studies Of Human Skill Learning

Over the past decade, a number of neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that human skill learning is a dynamic process, in which at least two phases of changes in regional brain activity are observed. In the early phase, activity decreases over the learning probably due to the increase of neuronal selectivity, whereas in the late phase activity increases because of the recruitment of new neurons. Changes in brain activity are modulated by awareness of learning tasks and switching of strategies. At the same time, regional connectivity is developed and gradually strengthened, resulting in a temporarily task-oriented system. This system is controlled and modulated by high-order associative areas such as the frontal cortex.