空气污染的不良效应及理论模型:环境心理学的视角

空气污染的不良效应不仅限于生理健康损害,还涉及认知功能、情绪和行为等多方面的消极影响。针对空气污染不良效应的形成机制,以往研究提出了环境应激模型和社会-环境交互模型,这些理论模型强调空气污染的不良效应不仅涉及污染的直接暴露程度,也取决于个体的身心状况以及他对空气污染的主观评价。基于以往研究的不足,尤其是环境心理学介入空气污染研究的可行性,未来研究可着眼于改进空气污染的心理学研究方法,开展空气污染的环境应激和风险感知研究。

Adverse effects and theoretical frameworks of air pollution:An environmental psychology perspective

In this paper,we reviewed existing scientific literature on adverse effects of air pollution,particularly psychological and behavioral effects,and how these effects are developed under different theoretical frameworks.Collective evidence indicated that air pollution exerts negative effects on human physical health,but also cognitive functions,emotions and behaviors.As for now,two theoretical frameworks have been developed to interpret how air pollution causes a series of adverse effects,framework of environmental stressors and framework of social-environmental interaction.These frameworks arguably stated that adverse effect of air pollution is not only subject to the direct exposure of air pollution,but also individual's psychosomatic status and he or she how to evaluate air pollution.We also discussed future directions for this line of research for environmental psychologists.Future research is expected to improve research approach,and conduct psychological studies under the framework of environmental stress and risk perception.