家庭社会经济地位对流动儿童认知能力的影响:父母教养方式的中介作用

以北京市某小学三、四年级的133名流动儿童和129名非流动儿童为被试，采用问卷和行为实验的方法，探讨家庭社会经济地位对流动儿童认知能力的影响，以及父母教养方式在其中的中介作用。结果发现：（1）流动儿童的工作记忆、元认知能力显著低于非流动儿童，家庭社会经济地位较非流动儿童更低，父母教养方式更消极；（2）流动儿童家庭社会经济地位与元认知显著正相关，父母教养方式中多个维度与元认知显著相关，而只有母亲过度干涉与保护与注意力显著负相关；（3）在流动儿童中，父亲情感温暖与理解部分中介家庭社会经济地位对儿童元认知的影响，效应量为30%。

Parental Rearing Pattern Mediates the Association between Social Economic Status and Cognitive Ability of Migrant Children

This study investigated the influence of social economic status (SES) on migrant children's cognitive ability and the mediating effect of parenting style between them by conducting questionnaire survey and behavioral experiment on 133 migrant children and 129 non-migrant children from a local primary school in Beijing.Results show that:(1) Comparing to non-migrant children,the migrant children's working memory and metacognition are poorer,SES is lower and parenting style is more negative.(2) For migrant children,SES is significantly correlated with metacognition,and several dimensions of parenting style are significantly correlated with metacognition.Only over-protection and interference of mother is significantly related to attention.(3) For migrant children,father's emotional warmth and understanding partly mediates the relationship between SES and metacognition with an effect value of 30%.