音乐训练对执行功能的影响

尽管音乐训练影响许多认知加工,但这种广泛性影响背后的机制迄今仍不清楚。近年来,研究者认为音乐训练的迁移效应可能是通过执行功能起作用。本文将执行功能细分为抑制控制、工作记忆、认知灵活性三个核心成分,考察音乐训练对这三个成分的影响以及执行功能在音乐训练迁移效应中的中介作用。研究结果表明,音乐训练对执行功能不同成分的影响有不同特点。同时,前额叶结构与功能的变化在音乐训练影响执行功能的过程中发挥着重要作用。此外,关于执行功能在音乐训练迁移效应中的中介作用,目前研究还存在不一致的结果,未来研究应采用多种技术手段深入探讨这一问题。

The effect of musical training on executive functions

Musical training has an impact on a wide range of cognitive activities,but its underlying mechanism is still unclear.Recently,researchers have claimed that the broad impact of musical training may be mediated by executive functions (EFs).In this study,we divide EFs into three core components:inhibitory control,working memory and cognitive flexibility,and elaborate the influence of musical training on these three components as well as the mediation role of EFs on transfer effects of musical training.The results showed that musical training has a different effect on different core components of EFs.Moreover,changes in the structure and function of prefrontal lobe play a significant role in the effect of musical training on EFs.In addition,there are still inconsistent results regarding the mediating effects of executive functions on the transfer effect of musical training.Future researches should focus on this issue by multiple technologies.