工作记忆对知觉类别学习的影响:问题与构想

人们学习将感知到的客体按照不同的标准或规则分类存储,即类别学习。而工作记忆作为多种认知加工的基础,对类别学习具有重要作用。基于已有研究,分别梳理了言语工作记忆和视空工作记忆对基于规则和信息整合类别结构的影响。目前,执行功能是否影响内隐类别学习系统、工作记忆负荷对内隐外显类别学习系统的影响是否一致还存在争议。此外,工作记忆影响知觉类别学习的认知加工阶段尚不清晰。未来的研究还需明确工作记忆负荷对内隐和外显类别学习的影响,进一步验证工作记忆影响类别学习的认知加工阶段假设的合理性。

The influence of working memory on perceptual category learning: Problem and conception

People tend to classify and store the cognitive objects according to different standards or rules,namely,category learning.As the basis of various cognitive processing,the working memory has an important effect on the category learning.Based on the existing researches,this paper combs the influence of the working memory on the implicit and explicit learning from three aspects of the executive function,visual processing and working memory capacity.At present,there are controversies about whether the executive function affects the implicit and explicit learning system and whether the working memory capacity has the consistent influence on the implicit and explicit learning system.What's more,whether the working memory influences the cognitive processing stage of the category learning is unclear.Therefore,the next stage needs to make clear the influence of its executive function on the implicit and explicit learning and further tests the reasonability of the influence of the working learning on the cognitive and processing model of the category learning.