不同人际情境影响工作记忆的初探

采用信任博弈任务创设人际信任、人际背叛及背叛后利他惩罚三种人际情境，探讨三种人际情境对不同任务难度工作记忆的影响。结果发现：（1）随着工作记忆的难度增加，三组正确率均显著下降。在低难度任务中，人际信任组和背叛后利他惩罚组正确率均高于人际背叛组；中等难度任务中，人际信任组正确率高于背叛后利他惩罚组和人际背叛组；高难度任务中，三组正确率无明显差异；（2）随着工作记忆的难度增加，三组反应时均显著增加。低难度任务中，人际信任组、背叛后利他惩罚组反应时均低于人际背叛组；中等难度和高难度任务中，三组反应时无明显差异。结论：人际信任、人际背叛及背叛后利他惩罚对工作记忆有不同作用。

A Study about the Effects of Different Interpersonal Situations on Working Memory

To investigate the effects of interpersonal context on working memory (WM),participants first underwent one of the three interpersonal situations (interpersonal trust,interpersonal betrayal and altruistic punishment after the betrayal) in trust game task and then performed an N-Back WM task.The results showed that:(1) the accuracies of N-back WM task decreased significantly with the increase of task difficulty.In addition,in the 1-back condition,the accuracies of interpersonal trust and altruistic punishment after the betrayal were higher than that of interpersonal betrayal;in the 2-back condition,the accuracy of interpersonal trust was higher than that of interpersonal betrayal and altruistic punishment after the betrayal;in the 3-back condition,there were no significant differences between groups;(2) the reaction time became significantly longer with the increase of the task difficulty.In the 1-back condition,the reaction time of interpersonal trust and altruistic punishment after the betrayal was lower than that of interpersonal betrayal;in the 2-back and 3-back condition,no significant difference was found across groups.These results suggested that the effect of interpersonal experiences on WM performance is modulated by task difficulty.