自尊水平、事件效价与时距对过去事件时距估计的影响

在西方文化背景下提出的时间自我评价理论认为,人们为了维护当前积极自尊,主观上会远离过去失败而亲近过去成功。本研究采用线段评估法,选取311名中国大学生被试,通过两个实验考察自尊水平、事件效价与时距对过去事件时距估计的影响,以检验该理论的文化普适性。结果表明:对过去事件的时距估计,自尊水平、事件效价及其交互作用在同一时距里均不存在显著差异;时距的主效应及其与事件效价的交互作用均显著,在负效价水平上存在显著时距差异,在正效价水平上无显著时距差异。研究结果不支持基于西方文化背景下的时间自我评价理论。

The Effect of Self-esteem Level,Event Valence and Temporal Distance on Temporal Distance Estimation of Past Events

Temporal self-appraisal theory in western culture suggests that people can maintain positive present self-esteem by enhancing earlier selves who feel close and disparaging past selves who feel distant. With the method of evaluation on a line, we conducted 2 experiments to investigate the effect of self-esteem level, event valence and temporal distance on temporal distance estimation of past events with 311 Chinese college students for testing temporal self-appraisal theory's cultral universality. The results showed that:In the same temporal distance, temporal distance estimation of past event had no significant difference in event valence, self-esteem level and their interaction; Temporal distance estimation of past event had a significant difference in temporal distance, the interaction between event valence and temporal distance was significant, and in the negative valence, there had a significant difference in temporal distance, but in the positive valence, there had no significant difference in temporal distance. In conclusion, the results of this study didnt support the temporal self-appraisal theory based on western culture.