密尔自由观的伦理辨析

约翰·密尔从个人与社会关系的独特伦理视角对自由主义进行了新的阐释,他认为自由就是由社会合法地对个体行施的那种权力的本性和限制.密尔坚持个人自由,主张张扬人的个性,提出自由要以社会的进步和人类整体的幸福为其价值目标.尤其是密尔对自由的伦理道德诉求、对个性自由的伦理价值分析、给自由以限度、给自由以功利主义解释等伦理主张和理论建构,不仅极大地丰富和完善了自由主义理论,推动了自由主义理论与实践的发展,而且还具有重要的现代价值.

An Analysis of the Ethical Outlook of Mill's Freedom View

John Mill interprets liberalism from the ethical perspective of peculiar relations between individual and society.He regards freedom as the nature of and restrictions on the authority society legitimately exerts on the individuals.Mill advocates individual liberty and expression of individuality,and puts forwards that liberty must take the progress of the society and the well being of humankind as its value goal.Moreover,his ethical appeal to liberty,his analysis of the ethical value of individual freedom,his ideas of exerting limitation on freedom and interpreting liberty in the light of utilitarianism and so on,enriched and perfected the theory of liberalism and promoted the development of the theory and practice of liberalism.His ideas are still of great significance in modern times.