艾滋病污名的形成机制、负面影响与干预

艾滋病污名主要包括实际污名、感知污名和自我污名, 这些不同形式的污名给艾滋病患者带来了精神上的痛苦、社会资源的剥夺等一系列的负面影响。归因理论、社会文化理论和道德理论分别从社会心理学、社会不平等和文化道德的角度阐述了艾滋病污名的形成机制。从这些机制出发, 减少艾滋病污名可以结合接触假设、知识传播以及认知行为疗法, 并注意改变艾滋病患者的自身观念。未来的艾滋病污名研究应更多地从社会文化以及道德的角度进行跨文化的量化研究。

Mechanism, Negative Effect and Interventions of HIV Stigma

HIV related Stigma was reviewed from attribution theory,social cultural framework,and cultural moral conception. HIV stigma included the enacted stigma,felt stigma and the self stigma,which all brought physical and psychological distress to people living with HIV/AIDS. Several interventions including contact hypothesis,information diffusion as well as cognitive behavioral therapy worked together to reduce HIV stigma. Future research is suggested to focus on social cultural and moral viewpoint,and with more ...