Direct verbal suggestibility: Measurement and significance |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, UK;2. Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King''s College London, UK;3. Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Germany;4. Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Germany |
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Abstract: | Hypnotic suggestibility is part of the wider psychological trait of direct verbal suggestibility (DVS). Historically, DVS in hypnosis has informed theories of consciousness and of conversion disorder. More recently it has served as a research tool in cognitive science and in cognitive neuroscience in particular. Here we consider DVS as a general trait, its relation to other psychological characteristics and abilities, and to the origin and treatment of clinical conditions. We then outline the distribution of DVS in the population, its measurement, relationship to other forms of suggestibility, placebo responsiveness, personal characteristics, gender, neurological processes and other factors, such as expectancy. There is currently no scale specifically designed to measure DVS outside a hypnotic context. The most commonly used and well-researched of the hypnosis-based scales, the Harvard Group Scale, is described and identified as a basis for a more broadly based measure of DVS for use in psychological research. |
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Keywords: | Cognition Consciousness Harvard scale Hypnosis Direct verbal suggestibility Measurement Neuroscience Suggestion Trait |
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