云南省学生亲社会倾向发展趋势及对学校适应的预测

考察云南省大、中、小学生亲社会倾向的发展趋势、类型特点和亲社会倾向与大中小学生学校适应的关系。采用分层随机取样的方式选取云南省大学生3249名和中小学生9055名,调查了他们的亲社会倾向和学校适应。结果发现:(1)云南省大中小学生的亲社会倾向随年级升高而增加,不同年级段学生之间,以及不同年级段男女生之间在亲社会倾向上均存在显著差异;(2)公开和匿名倾向类型所占比例随年级上升而下降,紧急倾向类型相反,紧急倾向在各个年级段所占比例最大,不同年级段学生和性别之间存在显著差异;(3)云南学生亲社会倾向总得分高于其它地方的学生,但在利他倾向上却显著低于其他地方的学生;(4)亲社会倾向对大中小学生的学校适应有显著的预测作用,但对大学生的预测力较小。应加强云南大中小学生利他倾向的培养,发挥亲社会倾向的作用。

Prosocial Tendencies and Its Effect on School Adaptation among students in Yunnan Province

In order to explore the prosocial tendencies' development and type' s characteristic among the undergraduate,middle-school students,pupil in Yunnan Province; and analyze the effect of prosocial tendencies on students' School Adaptation.Method: Selected the participants according to different layer randomly,then 3249 undergraduate and 9055 middle-school students and pupil were selected.Every student finished the Prosocial Tendencies Measure(PMT) and Adaptation Scale.Result: The analysis showed that(1) The Prosocial tendencies were developing followed grade increasing,and there was significant different among different type and gender student;(2) Public and Anonymous Tendencies were decreasing followed grade increasing,but Dire Tendencies was contrary.Dire Tendencies was number one among all of the six Prosocial Tendencies.Also,there was significant different among different type and gender student;(3)The development of Prosocial tendencies in Yunnan Province's students was higher than other place student totally,however,lower than them in Altruistic Tendencies;(4) Prosocial Tendencies could predict students' school adaptation,but less predict undergraduate.Conclusion: We should enhance education for students' Dire Tendencies,and bring the prosocial tendencies into play.