Subliminal anchoring: Judgmental consequences and underlying mechanisms |
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Authors: | Thomas Mussweiler Birte Englich |
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Institution: | aUniversity of Cologne, Germany;bPsychologie II, Universität Würzburg, Röntgenring 10, 97070 Würzburg, Germany |
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Abstract: | Judgmental anchoring—the assimilation of a numeric estimate towards a previously considered standard—is an exceptionally ubiquitous effect that influences human judgment in a variety of domains and paradigms. Three studies examined whether anchoring effects even occur, if anchor values are presented subliminally, outside of judges’ awareness. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrate such subliminal anchoring effects: judges assimilated target estimates towards the subliminally presented anchor values. Study 3 further demonstrates that subliminal anchors produced a selective increase in the accessibility of anchor-consistent target knowledge. The implications of these findings for the ubiquity of judgmental anchoring, its different underlying mechanisms, and comparative information processing are discussed. |
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Keywords: | Anchoring Heuristics Comparison Selective accessibility Assimilation |
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