Clinically Referred ODD Children with or without CD and Healthy Controls: Comparisons Across Contextual Domains |
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Authors: | David J Kolko Lorah D Dorn Oscar Bukstein Jeffrey D Burke |
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Institution: | (1) Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;(2) Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA |
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Abstract: | This study compares 6–11-year-old, clinically referred boys and girls diagnosed with Oppositional Defiant Disorder, either
with (ODD + CD, n = 40) or without Conduct Disorder (ODD only; n = 136), to a matched sample of healthy control children (HC; n = 69). Multiple informants completed intake diagnostic interviews and self-reports to evaluate constructs examining the child’s
functioning and contextual influences on functioning (e.g., parent, family, peer, community). ODD + CD and ODD only children
were each distinguished from HCs by greater exposure to delinquent peers and lowered parental self-efficacy. In further comparisons
to the HC group, ODD only status was associated with parental use of psychological aggression and more stressful life events,
whereas ODD + CD status was associated with greater parental hostility. Relative to ODD alone status, ODD + CD status was
comparable on all but one variable (greater parental hostility). Similar findings were reported using a subset of girls only.
The characteristics that distinguish children with DBDs from controls and, in particular, ODD + CD from ODD only, bear implications
for understanding and treating both CD and ODD.
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Keywords: | Disruptive behavior disorders Conduct disorder Oppositional defiant disorder Behavior problems Contextual characteristics |
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