儿童学校适应的分类及判定

以6579名小学三、五年级学生为被试,采用聚类分析和判别分析方法,结果表明:(1)根据儿童学校适应的指标将儿童的学校适应状况分为良好型、闲适型、紧张型、高危型四种类型.(2)良好型的儿童,在学业自我评估、学业动机和心理健康水平三个水平上的得分为正向,在问题行为上的得分为负;高危型儿童的结果与适应良好型的儿童完全相反;而在闲适型的儿童中,学业动机为负、心理健康水平为正;在紧张型的儿童中,学业动机为正向、而心理健康水平是负向的.(3)建立儿童学校适应的判别函数,为儿童在教育和心理问题进行指导提供了初步诊断依据,同时也对有关学校适应的研究提供新的视角.

The Classification and Discriminate of School Adjustment

In the research, we selected 6579 students from grade 3 and grade 5, and used the tool of K-means cluster and discriminant analysis. The result showed:(1) According to school adjustment internal indications,the children could be classified four kinds:positive adjustment、leisure adjustment、tense adjustment and high risk.(2) The positive adjustment has the positive scores in achievement value, achievement motivation and metal health, and the negative score in problem behavior;The scores of high risk are absolutely opposite to the positive adjustment's. The leisure adjustment has the positive mental health, and the negative achievement motivation;The tense adjustment has the positive achievement motivation, but the negative mental health.(3) Establishing the discriminant function of children school adjustment will provide a primary diagnose for education and mental problem and will bring a new view for other correlative researches.