生成认知与具身机能主义的比较——表征的取舍

在具身认知不同的思潮中，生成认知以其激进的观点反对表征和计算主义，可以称之为是具身认知思潮中的最为激进的一部分。另一方面，由于标准认知中表征和计算的解释力和影响力，具身认知诞生出各种不同程度上的“妥协”性理论，其中，以克拉克为代表的具身的“机能主义”为目前具身认知的主流观点。表征尽管在当前阶段中表现出强大的生命力，但依然无法在所有领域中都得到运用。随着表征的改造与发展，未来的激进具身认知工作者应该将更多的精力投入到具身认知与更多学科的融合研究中。

Three Transformations in Study Theories Driven by Constructivism

In its development and evolution,the constructive study theory has accelerated three radical transformations in study theories: 1) getting rid of the animal behavior research mode,2) revealing the individual's process of knowledge construction based on personal experience;3) emphasizing study as a social coordination and setting up an optimized study environment to support the individual's construction of knowledge.The three transformations have brought about fundamental changes in the objects of the study theory research,deepened and widened the essential contents of the research and facilitated the reform in the field of educational practice.