科学划界:"猴子审判"案例分析

自上个世纪后期以来，20世纪哲学四大主题之一的科学划界研究陷入了进退两难的境地。该文从科学划界的视角出发，分析了科学家和创世论者在“猴子审判”这一著名案件中的辩护与反驳，揭示了特定的社会、文化和政治因素对科学划界标准的影响，并且指出在现实社会中研究有关的科学争论，从研究科学精英的科学观转向研究社会公众的科学观，可能是有助于摆脱这一困境的努力方向。

The Demarcation of Science: A Case Study of Monkey Trial

Philosophers of science have been in a dilemma around the demarcation issues of science since the late 20th century.In this paper,we have analyzed the controversies between Scientists and creationists in the Monkey Trail or Scopes Trial,and have tried to find how social, cultural and political factors or contexts influence their views of science and the relationship between science and religion.We developed the following viewpoint:it may be a promising direction to alter the studies on demarcation issues of science from scientific elite and their research activities to general public and related social controversies around science.