中文阅读中的字形与语音加工

该文报告两个探讨字形及语音加要于中文阅读中所起之作用的实验。基本实验作业是让被移动鼠标以阅读计算机屏幕逐字呈现之短文。计算机记录文中个别单字中呈现时间作为反映阅读理解即时加工的因变量。在每篇文章中段都有一关键字，用来观察在此字位置出现原字、同音字、形似字或无关字对阅读所造成的影响。结果发现，在阅读初期，同音字、形似字及无关字所造成的干扰效应，无论在效果大小及出现位置上并无差异。别外，干扰效应在同音

ORTHOGRAPHIC AND PHONOLOGICAL PROCESSING IN READING CHINESE

Using the modified moving-window display technique, two experiments were carried out toinvestigate orthographic and phonological processing during Chinese reading and comprehension. Acritical character in each of the experimental passages was manipulated to be either intact,orthographically similar, homophonic, or totally dissimilar to the original character. In Experiment l,only the pointed character was shown, whereas one character to its left and two characters to its rightwere also displayed in degraded quality in Experiment 2. The profiles of the homophonic condition werethe same as those of the dissimilar condition and the orthographically similar-condition at the early stageof processing in both experiments 1 and 2, such that they all deviated from the profile of the intactcondition. Experiment 2 further showed that the violation effects in the dissimilar condition lasted longerthan those in both the homophonic condition and the orthographically similar condition. These results didnot support the notion that phonology played an early and constructive role during Chinese reading,although phonology may have been useful for the recovery of lexical impairment. The minororthographic difference between the intact words and the orthographically similar words was sufficient toproduce a substantial impairment suggesting that orthographic information played an important role inreading Chinese.