| 教育水平对老年人认知能力的影响模式 |
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| 引用本文： | 王大华,申继亮,彭华茂,唐丹,张凌.教育水平对老年人认知能力的影响模式[J].心理学报,2005,37(4):511-516. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王大华 申继亮 彭华茂 唐丹 张凌 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京,100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（30270474）. |
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| 摘 要： | 来自北京三个社区的217位60~85岁的老年人接受了五项基本心理能力测验、感觉功能测查、加工速度和工作记忆容量的测试。运用相关分析、方差分析以及结构方程模型考察了教育水平对老年人基本心理能力的影响。研究得到：（1）从整体上看，教育水平对老年人基本心理能力的积极作用是普遍存在的，不依赖于具体的领域；分水平看，教育水平对认知功能的积极作用随教育水平的高低表现出领域间的差异。（2）教育水平与年龄各自独立地对老年人的认知能力产生影响，教育水平的作用是积极的，年龄的影响是极性的。（3）教育水平对老年人基本心理能力的影响不是直接的，而是以加工速度和工作记忆为中介的。
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| 关 键 词： | 认知老化 教育水平 基本心理能力 |
| 收稿时间： | 2004-09-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年9月6日 |
The Model of Educational Effect on Old Adult's Cognition |
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| WANG Dahua,Shen Jiliang,Peng Huamao,Tang Dan,Zhang Ling.The Model of Educational Effect on Old Adult's Cognition[J].Acta Psychologica Sinica,2005,37(4):511-516. |
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| Authors: | WANG Dahua Shen Jiliang Peng Huamao Tang Dan Zhang Ling |
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| Institution: | Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | 217 old people, from three communities of Beijing, participated the study of the aging of primary mental ability. They were required to complete five cognitive tests, namely inductive reasoning, number computing, mental rotation, verbal meaning, and word fluency. Also working memory, processing speed and sensory function were examined for all subjects. Results indicated that age and educational level could influence the cognitive function independently. Educational level was an important and widespread supportive factor for old adults' cognition. Working memory and processing speed were the mediating variables for the positive effects of educational level on cognitive function. |
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| Keywords: | cognitive aging educational level primary mental abilities |
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