心理表征对正投影问题解决及轴测投影图再认水平的影响

借鉴内隐记忆的研究范式，采用平面、分离的正投影问题解决及其相应轴测投影图的再认任务，探讨问题表征的结构特征性对空间问题解决和再认水平的影响。实验结果表明，一般在正投影问题获得正确解决时，对其相应的、先前从未见到过的轴测投影图往往也可获得正确再认，而且基于正投影问题获得正确解决条件下的再认水平（PCC）显著地高于那些问题未得获得解决下的再认水平（PCI）。在结合被试口语记录的基础上，研究结果证明：基于正投影图上的问题解决过程是受到一个具有三维结构特性而非正投影图中二维特性心理表征的调节；并且，正是这一具有三维结构特性心理表征的建构，使得对具有相同结构特性的轴测投影图获得了更为有效的再认。

THE EFFECTS OF MENTAL REPRESENTATION ON ORTHOGRAPHIC PROBLEM SOLUTION AND ISOMETRIC RECOGNITION

Sets of flat, separated orthographic projections and isometric views of the same objects were used to study the effects of structures of problem representation on the solution of spatial problems. The results showed that the recognition of isometric views which had never been seen would generally be able to be obtaned if the corresponding problem was solved correctly, and such recognition of isimetrics would be significantly superior to that obtained when the corresponding problem was not solved. Combined with the protocols,the results supported the claim that the solution process of orthographic projection was modulated by a mental model of three-dimensional structure, rather than by the orhtographic views presented in the problems. It was the mental construction of a representation corresponding to a three-dimensional object that better facilitated the recognition of object-like views of a three -dimensional structure.