Spatial memory in the real world: long-term representations of everyday environments |
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Authors: | Steven A Marchette Ashok Yerramsetti Thomas J Burns Amy L Shelton |
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Institution: | (1) Dept. of Psych & Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;; |
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Abstract: | When people learn an environment, they appear to establish a principle orientation just as they would determine the “top”
of a novel object. Evidence for reference orientations has largely come from observations of orientation dependence in pointing
judgments: Participants are most accurate when asked to recall the space from a particular orientation. However, these investigations
have used highly constrained encoding in both time-scale and navigational goals, leaving open the possibility that larger
spaces experienced during navigational learning depend on a different organizational scheme. To test this possibility, we
asked undergraduates to perform judgments of relative direction on familiar landmarks around their well-learned campus. Participants
showed clear evidence for a single reference orientation, generally aligned along salient axes defined by the buildings and
paths. This result argues that representing space involves the establishment of a reference orientation, a requirement that
endures over repeated exposures and extensive experience. |
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Keywords: | |
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