Culture,carrying, and communication: Beliefs and behavior associated with babywearing |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA;2. Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA;1. Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil;2. Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Instituto Vita, São Paulo, Brazil;1. University of Washington, United States;2. Temple University, United States;3. University of Delaware, United States;4. University of California, San Diego, United States;1. Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA;2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA;1. Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;2. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, USA;3. Institute for Fiscal Studies, UK;4. Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy;5. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;1. Departments of Pediatrics and Family and Community Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA;2. Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD;3. Division of General Pediatrics and Community Health, Goldberg Center for Community Pediatric Health, Children''s National Medical Center, Washington, DC;4. Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC |
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| Abstract: | Ethnographic research suggests mother-infant physical contact predicts high levels of maternal responsiveness to infant cues, yet it is unclear whether this responsiveness is driven by the act of physical contact or by underlying beliefs about responsiveness. We examine beliefs and behavior associated with infant carrying (i.e., babywearing) among U.S. mothers and experimentally test the effect of mother-infant physical contact on maternal responsiveness. In Study 1 (N = 23 dyads), babywearing mothers were more likely to interact contingently in response to infant cues than non-babywearing mothers during an in-lab play session. In Study 2 (N = 492 mothers), babywearing predicted maternal beliefs emphasizing responsiveness to infant cues. In Study 3 (N = 20 dyads), we experimentally manipulated mother-infant physical contact in the lab using a within-subjects design and found that babywearing increased maternal tactile interaction, decreased maternal and infant object contact, and increased maternal responsiveness to infant vocalizations. Our results motivate further research examining how culturally-mediated infant carrying practices shape the infant’s early social environment and subsequent development. |
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| Keywords: | Mother-infant interaction Babywearing Maternal responsiveness Physical contact Touch |
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