Adaptive perception of changes in affordances for walking on a ship at sea |
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| Institution: | 1. Affordance Perception-Action Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, USA;2. Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, USA;1. Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan;2. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Cyprus;1. Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK USA;2. Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA;1. PhD Fellow, School of Applied Physiology, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA;2. Clinical Associate Professor Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA;3. Associate Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, Brenau University, Gainesville, GA;4. Distinguished University Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA;1. Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, United States;2. School of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, College of Health Professions, Pacific University, United States;3. Department of Occupational Science & Technology, College of Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, United States;4. Harvard Medical School, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Brigham Women Hospital, United States;5. TAVANA LLC, United States;1. Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University (former Tarbiat Moallem University), 49 Mofateh St., Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, PO Box 11465-9516, Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Ocean waves cause oscillatory motion of ships. Oscillatory ship motion typically is greater in roll (i.e., the ship rolling from side to side) than in pitch (i.e., tipping from front to back). Affordances for walking on a ship at sea should be differentially influenced by ship motion in roll and pitch. When roll exceeds pitch, the maximum walkable distance within a defined path should be greater when walking along the ship’s short, or athwart axis than when walking along its long, or fore-aft axis. When pitch exceeds roll, this relation should be reversed. We asked whether such changes in ship motion would be reflected in judgments of direction-specific affordances for walking. Participants (experienced maritime crewmembers) judged how far they could walk along a narrow path on the ship deck. On different days, sailing conditions were such that the relative magnitude of pitch and roll was reversed. Judgments of direction-specific affordances for walking mirrored these changes in ship motion. The accuracy of judgments was consistent across directions, and across changes in ship motion. We conclude that experienced maritime crewmembers were sensitive to dynamic variations in affordances for walking that were, themselves, a function of dynamic properties of the animal-environment system. |
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| Keywords: | Affordance Gait Adaptation Human performance Perception |
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