Shy toddlers act bold: The roles of respiratory sinus arrhythmia and parent emotion language |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minn;2. Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott-Northwestern Hospital, Minn;3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis;4. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hennepin County Medical Center and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis;1. Institute of Pulmonary Diseases, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel;2. Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel;3. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;4. Institute of Pathology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel;1. Chair of Developmental Psychology, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany;2. Leibniz-Institut für Bildungsverläufe e.V., Bamberg, Germany;1. Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4YF, UK;2. Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, WC1E 7HX, UK;3. School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK |
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| Abstract: | Shy children show reticence in social contexts, presumably as a way of regulating their fear. The present study evaluated whether toddler physiological regulation and parent emotion language facilitated shy toddlers’ (21–24 months) engagement with an unfamiliar female examiner. Toddler high basal respiratory sinus arrhythmia was positively associated with bold approach with the examiner. Parent emotion explanations were positively associated with toddler bold approach, particularly for toddlers with low basal respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Findings suggest that toddlers’ dispositional capacity for regulation and parents’ explanations of emotion in everyday conversations with their toddlers may help shy toddlers to socially engage. |
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| Keywords: | Shyness Toddlers Respiratory sinus arrhythmia Regulation Parenting |
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