疼痛对心理的影响及其机制

疼痛对个体的认知、情绪等心理过程有消极影响。疼痛会干扰个体的选择性和持续性注意, 损害其记忆功能。长期疼痛还会诱发焦虑和抑郁等消极情绪。目前疼痛的机制主要有闸门控制理论和神经网络理论, 分别从脊髓水平和大脑水平解释疼痛与心理的交互作用。大脑对疼痛信息的编码方式包括特异化理论、模块化理论和中枢整合机制学说。未来研究应注意实验室研究与临床研究的差异, 区分急、慢性疼痛的特有机制, 进一步探讨疼痛理论的合理性。

The Influences and Mechanisms of Pain on Mental Processes

Pain has been identified to impact mental processes,like cognition,emotion,etc.Pain may disturb individual's selective or persistent attention,and even damage one's memory function.Long-term pain can also cause negative emotions,such as anxiety and depression.Two main theories of pain mechanism,the Gate Control Theory and the Neuromatrix Theory,explained the interaction between pain and mental processes at spinal cord level and at brain level respectively.The theories which explained coding mechanisms of pa...