面部特征空间关系、肤色亮度对卡通面孔吸引力的影响

选取88名大班儿童（43名女童和45名男童）及90名在校大学生（42名男生和48名女生）为实验被试，通过心理量表评分，探讨面部特征空间关系、肤色和亮度对儿童卡通面孔吸引力影响。结果显示：（1）幼儿与成人对卡通面孔最佳面部特征空间关系评价存在差异；（2）幼儿评价女童卡通面孔眼嘴间距离占面长24%时吸引力最优，两眼间距离占面宽41%时吸引力最优，但未达显著。成人评价女童卡通面孔也存在纵向“黄金比例（19%）”现象；（3）男童卡通面孔不存在最佳比例；（4）幼儿偏爱偏白肤色，而成人偏好白里透红；（5）受众性别与卡通形象性别均对肤色偏好有影响；（6）亮度高的儿童卡通面孔更具吸引力。结论：卡通面孔吸引力受面部特征空间关系、肤色与亮度等因素显著影响，卡通设计需针对不同年龄、性别受众来设定面部特征空间关系与肤色等要素。

Effects of Spatial Relationship of Facial Features,Facial Skin Color and Lightness on Cartoon Facial Attractiveness

88 children (43 girls and 45 boys) and 90 college students (42 boys and 48 girls) participated in this study. By method of psychological scale evaluation, effects of spatial relationship of facial features, facial skin color and lightness on child cartoon facial attractiveness were investigated. Children's evaluation of cartoon facial attractiveness was different from that of adults' in spatial relationship of facial features. Children's evaluation results showed the individual attractiveness of female child cartoon faces was optimized when the face's vertical distance between the eyes and the mouth was approximately 24% of its length. Female child cartoon faces' horizontal ratio showed that the individual attractiveness was optimized when the face's interocular distances was approximately 41% of its width; however, the result did not reach statistical significance. Adults' evaluation of female child cartoon facial attractiveness was also exhibiting vertical "golden ratio (19%)". There was no golden ratio for male cartoon faces. Children had preference for child cartoon faces with whitish skin color, while most adults preferred "milk and roses" skin color. Both genders of cartoon faces and subjects had influences on skin color preference. High lightness cartoon faces were more attractive than the low lightness ones. Conclusions: Spatial relationship of facial features, facial skin color and lightness have significant influence on cartoon aesthetic assessment. Therefore, factors such as spatial relationship of facial features and facial skin color should be taken into account in designing cartoon images for audiences of different ages and sexes.