社会能力:概念分析与模型建构

社会能力是心理学领域中一个经典的研究问题,但是至今仍没有统一的概念和理论模型.总结以往的有关研究,可以归纳出社会能力概念的几个取向,如技能取向、结果取向、综合取向等.在这些概念取向尤其是综合取向的指导之下,研究者也提出了一些比较有代表性的理论模型,如成分模型、过程模型和棱柱模型等.该文对这些概念取向和理论模型进行了综述并尝试提出了社会能力的整合观点,但关于社会能力的概念和理论模型尚需进一步完善,其文化差异问题也尚需未来研究的关注.

Social Competence:Concepts and Theoretical Models

Despite of the long-standing tradition of research, researchers disagree with each other on the nature of social competence, and hence a unified definition of the social competence has not been reached even until present. At least three approaches to defining social competence can be discerned in literature, including the skill-approach, the outcome-approach and the integrated approach, respectively. Based upon these conceptualizations, especially the integrated approach, several theoretical models of social competence have been proposed in extant literature, including the component models, the process models, the prism model and so on. This paper first reviewed these major conceptualizations and related theoretical models, and then proposed an integrative view of social competence. Possible cultural differences in social competence from this integrative view are also discussed.