Alleviation of narcotic withdrawal syndrome by conditional stimuli |
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Authors: | Harbans Lal Stephen Miksic Richard Drawbaugh Robert Numan Nelson Smith |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 2. Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island
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Abstract: | We systematically paired auditory, olfactory, and social stimuli with each injection of morphine in rats. We found that, when
morphine was kept constant at a low dose, the external stimuli acquired the property of a conditional stimulus (CS) to cause
hyperthermia which was antagonized by naloxone. In rats in which morphine doses were regularly increased to cause morphine
dependence, the CS presented during withdrawal, caused reduction in withdrawal signs (wet shakes, hypothermia, aggression)
and produced hyperglycemia as well as elevation of striatal homovanillic acid. CS-induced alleviation of withdrawal hypothermia
was blocked by mecamylamine, phenoxybenzamine, haloperidol, benztropine or naloxone but not by cyproheptadine or propranolol. |
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