医学伦理学和生命伦理学的学科使命之辨

从古典医德学发展到生命伦理学，催生医学伦理学和生命伦理学两门学科。欧美对于医学伦理学本质解读的经典路径和中国医学伦理学的阐释方式，不能完全反映医学伦理学的全貌，为此需要以动态有机的方式理解医学伦理学范畴。这种理解表明：医学伦理学的学科使命聚焦医学职业道德，是德性伦理和规范伦理的融合，是质料伦理和形式伦理的统一。生命伦理学本质上是为生命科学的运用提供道德正当性论证，将关怀类生命和人类未来生存作为其学科使命。生命伦理学的跨学科建制及其解决范式依托寻求论证和程序合理性，它是对医学职业道德瓶颈的突围，又反哺"医学职业道德规范"的制定和执行。

On the Disciplinary Missions of Medical Ethics and Bioethics

From the classical medical ethics to bioethics, medical ethics and bioethics were born. The classical approaches to the interpretation of the essence of medical ethics in Europe and America and the interpretation methods of Chinese medical ethics cannot fully interpret the whole picture of medical ethics. It is necessary to understand the category of medical ethics in a dynamic and organic way. This understanding shows that its disciplinary mission focuses on medical professional ethics, it is the integration of virtue ethics and normative ethics, and the unity of material ethics and formal ethics. Bioethics which provides moral justification for the application of life science, takes caring for life and human future survival as its disciplinary mission. The interdisciplinary system of bioethics and its solution paradigm seeks demonstration and procedural rationality, and breaks through the bottleneck of medical professional ethics, and serves back the formulation and implementation of "medical professional ethics".