生前预嘱推广：实践与建议

目前世界上所有提供安宁缓和医疗服务的国家和地区,都将生前预嘱以及功能相似的一系列文件作为开展这项服务的合法性前提。通过对十几年来在中国大陆开展生前预嘱推广工作的总结,以及目前所有生前预嘱签署者的大数据分析,可以看出其与整个社会政治经济发展水平以及法律政策、伦理道德、传统文化、国族心理、医疗制度改革、临床学科发展等均有极其密切的关系。在生命科学和医疗技术迅猛发展的背景下,生前预嘱使得个人意愿和医疗偏好成为现代医学成长和成熟过程中越来越重要的伦理依据。

Promotion of Living Will:Practice and Suggestions

At present,living will and other documents with similar functions have become legal premise of palliative care services wherever the service is available globally.This article summarizes the promotion of living wills in mainland China for more than a decade.Under big data analysis,living wills show close relationship with social,political and economic development.It is also closely tied with legal policies,ethics,traditional culture,national mental status,medical system reform and the growth of clinical discipline.In the context of the rapid development of life science and medical technology,living wills make personal wishes and medical preferences become increasingly important ethical basis for the growth and maturity of modern medicine.