医学伦理学与生命伦理学的联系与区别

医学伦理学和生命伦理学有共同的哲学伦理学和医学的学科基因。二者都遵守共同的伦理原理和原则，但是它们实施原理原则的方法和路径却有区别。医学伦理学构建了常态下的医德原则和规范体系。在经常的医疗卫生活动中医务人员会"以义导利"。当医务人员的选择面临价值冲突时，会按照伦理学原则提出的价值顺位安排医疗卫生行为的优先顺位。生命伦理学面对的常常是高科技带来的道德冲突，没有现成的价值顺位可以套用。在生命伦理学的许多具体案例中，人们只能通过协商讨论来寻求方案，达成共识。二者都是哲学伦理学和医学的子集，两者之间有交集，但是侧重不同。

Relation and Distinction between Medical Ethics and Bioethics

Medical ethics and bioethics have the same academic genes. They abide by the same ethical principles, but show differences in application principles and methods. Medical ethics builds moral principle and standard system on a regular basis. During medical practice, moral principle is usually prior to benefits. When medical staff face value conflicts in their choice, they will prioritize medical practice according to the value sequence proposed by ethical principles. Bioethics is often confronted with the moral conflicts brought by high technology, no ready-made value sequence available. In many specific cases of bioethics, people can only seek solutions and reach consensus through consultation and negotiation. Both medical ethics and bioethics are subsets of philosophical ethics and medicine. They have inner links, but with different emphasis.