时间距离和自我解释对调节焦点的影响

调节焦点理论提出，自我调节过程中存在着提升焦点和预防焦点这两种不同的目标追求策略。基于以往研究，本研究提出，自我解释和时间距离会交互影响着人们的调节焦点。研究结果发现，自我解释能够显著地预测调节焦点；独立自我解释更可能激活个体的提升焦点倾向，而依赖自我解释更可能激活个体的预防焦点倾向。此外，近期时间距离启动条件下，独立和依赖自我解释使得个体的调节焦点的差异倾向性更为明显，但是对远期时间距离的知觉则使得依赖自我解释的个体更加偏离预防焦点倾向，趋向于提升性焦点，并与独立自我解释差异不大。

The Effect of Temporal Distance and Self-Construal on Regulatory Focus

The Regulatory Focus Theory distinguishes two kinds of self-regulatory processes that focus on promotion and prevention strategies for goal pursuit. The present study proposed that self-construal will interact with temporal distance to influence the regulatory focus. Support for this hypothesis was obtained in that individuals with more accessible interdependent self-construal were more prevention-oriented, whereas individuals with more accessible independent self-construal was more promotionoriented when the event was temporally proximal. In contrast, when the event was presumably happening in adistant future, there exsited no significant difference be- tween people with dominant independent self-constmal and those with interdependent self-construal; they were all prone to place more emphasis on promotion-focused information. The results suggest that temporal distance imposes little influence on people with interdependent self-construal but those with independent self-construal to affect the regulatory focus.