Attention,mindwandering, and mood |
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| Institution: | 1. McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;2. University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;1. Department of Psychology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Harvard, MA, USA;2. Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA;3. Department of Psychology, University of York, York, UK;4. Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;5. Department of Psychology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA;6. Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada;1. System and Information Processing Department, ONERA, Salon de Provence, France;2. Brain and Cognition Research Center (Centre de Recherche Cerveau & Cognition) (UMR 5549), CNRS, Toulouse, France;3. Swartz Center for Computational Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA;1. Department of Psychology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA;2. Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada |
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| Abstract: | We tested the hypothesis that mindwandering and external distraction are both manifestations of a common state of reduced attention focus, and examined how both relate to reported level of happiness. We conducted real-time sampling of people’s experience of mindwandering, irrelevant distraction (e.g. by music, phone, etc.), and happiness levels, in two studies with 524 people undertaking common daily-life activities. All irrelevant external distractions were positively correlated with mindwandering. Indeed mindwandering duration could be predicted from the reported duration of external distraction, when controlling for a range of background variables. An exploratory factor analysis of mindwandering and distraction reports suggested a single underlying construct. In addition, duration of irrelevant distraction by both mobile phones and mindwandering was significantly associated with reduced reported levels of happiness. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that that a state of reduced attention focus underlies both mindwandering and distractibility and clarify the link with happiness. |
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| Keywords: | Attention focus Irrelevant distraction Mindwandering Happiness Mood |
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