Consistent inter-individual differences in susceptibility to bodily illusions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;2. Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;1. Resident, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research and the Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Disease, College of Stomatology, and the Research Center of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, Shaanxi, China;2. Professor, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research and the Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Disease, College of Stomatology, and the Research Center of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, Shaanxi, China;3. Resident, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research and the Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Disease, College of Stomatology, and the Research Center of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, Shaanxi, China;4. Associate Professor, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research and the Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Disease, College of Stomatology, and the Research Center of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, Shaanxi, China;6. Associate Professor, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research and the Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Disease, College of Stomatology, and the Research Center of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, Shaanxi, China;5. Resident Doctor, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research and the Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Disease, College of Stomatology, and the Research Center of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, Shaanxi, China;1. Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY;2. Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University/Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY;3. Associate Professor and Program Director, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University/Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY;4. Assistant Professor and Program Director, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY;1. School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland;2. The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Illusory senses of ownership and agency (that the hand or effector that we see belongs to us and moves at our will, respectively) support the embodiment of prosthetic limbs, tele-operated surgical devices, and human-machine interfaces. We exposed forty-eight individuals to four different procedures known to elicit illusory ownership or agency over a fake visible rubber hand or finger. The illusory ownership or agency arising from the hand correlated with that of the finger. For both body parts, sensory stimulation across different modalities (visual with tactile or visual with kinesthetic) produced illusions of similar strength. However, the strengths of the illusions of ownership and agency were unrelated within individuals, supporting the proposal that distinct neuropsychological processes underlie these two senses. Developing training programs to enhance susceptibility to illusions of agency or ownership for people with lower natural susceptibility could broaden the usefulness of the above technologies. |
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| Keywords: | Agency Body ownership Rubber hand illusion Rubber finger illusion Temporal binding |
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