The Motor Profile of Primary School-Age Children with a 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS) and an Age- and IQ-Matched Control Group

In the early publications on the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS) motor abnormalities have been frequently reported. However, systematic studies on the motor performance of children with the 22q11.2DS, and especially of school-age children, are scarce. In this study the motor performance of primary school-age children with a 22q11.2DS (n = 28) was compared with an age- and IQ-matched control group (n = 28) using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC), the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK) and the Beery-Buctenica test of Visual-Motor Integration (Beery). Children with a 22q11.2DS scored significantly lower than the age- and IQ-matched control group on the subsection Manual Dexterity (MABC) and the Visual Perception and Motor Coordination subtests of the Beery. When investigating the correlations between Intelligence quotient (IQ) and motor performance, a specific profile was found in the 22q11.2DS group when compared with the age- and IQ-matched control group. Because an IQ-matched control group was adopted, the deficits in visual-perceptual and visuomotor integration skills cannot fully be attributed to a general developmental delay and thus may be specific for the 22q11.2DS. Future studies that investigate the specificity of the visual-perceptual problems — both on the behavioral and brain level (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging [fMRI] and Diffusion Tensor Imaging [DTI]) — are necessary to answer this question. Nonetheless, the importance of incorporating motor functioning into the study of the neuropsychological profile of children with a 22q11.2DS has to be stressed.