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High- compared to low-arched athletes exhibit smaller knee abduction moments in walking and running |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Health Studies, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA;2. Department of Kinesiology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA;3. Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA;1. Facultad de Enfermería y Podología, Universidad de Valencia, C/Jaume Roig s/n, 46010, Valencia, Spain;2. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Construcción, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071, Castellón, Spain;1. UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa;2. Dynamics of Human Motion Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculties of Engineering and Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;3. School of Medicine, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa;1. South West Yorkshire Foundation Trust, Barnsley, UK;2. Allied Health Research Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK;3. Department of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK;1. Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7HE, UK;2. Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK;3. Oxford Gait Laboratory, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7HE, UK |
| Abstract: | High- (HA) and low-arched athletes (LA) experience distinct injury patterns. These injuries are the result of the interaction of structure and biomechanics. A suggested mechanism of patellofemoral pain pertains to frontal plane knee moments which may be exaggerated in LA athletes. We hypothesize that LA athletes will exhibit greater peak knee abduction moments than high-arched athletes.MethodsTwenty healthy female recreational athletes (10 HA and 10 LA) performed five over-ground barefoot walking and five barefoot running trials at a self-selected velocity while three-dimensional kinematics and ground reaction forces were recorded. Peak knee abduction moments and time-to-peak knee abduction moments were calculated using Visual 3D.ResultsHigh-arched athletes had smaller peak knee abduction moments compared to low-arched athletes during walking (KAM1: p = 0.019; KAM2: p = 0.015) and running (p = 0.010). No differences were observed in time-to-peak knee abduction moment during walking (KAM1: p = 0.360; KAM2: p = 0.085) or running (p = 0.359).ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that foot type is associated with altered frontal plane knee kinetics which may contribute to patellofemoral pain. Future research should address the efficacy of clinical interventions including orthotics and rehabilitation programs in these athletes. |
| Keywords: | Foot Knee Arch Walking Running Kinetics Patellofemoral pain Biomechanics |
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