The influence of age,anxiety and concern about falling on postural sway when standing at an elevated level |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Psychological Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;2. Department of Neurology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;3. Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;1. Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ottawa University, Canada;2. School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ottawa University, Canada;1. Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, 550 University Ave., Toronto, ON, Canada;2. Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, 500 University Ave., Toronto, ON, Canada;3. Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, ON, Canada;4. School of Physical and Health Education, Schulich School of Education, Nipissing University, 100 College Drive, North Bay, ON, Canada;5. Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, Canada;6. Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, 500 University Ave., Toronto, ON, Canada;1. School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;2. Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada;3. Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;4. International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;1. College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University, London, UK;2. Institute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University, London, UK;1. Balance and Gait Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada;2. Neural Control of Posture and Movement Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Psychological processes may influence balance and contribute to the risk of falls in older people. While a self-reported fear of falling is associated with increased postural sway, inducing fear using an elevated platform can lead to reduced sway, suggesting different underlying mechanisms whereby fear may influence balance control. This study examined changes in postural sway, muscle activity and physiological measures of arousal while standing on a 65 cm elevated platform, compared to floor level, in young and older adults. The older adults were classified as fall concerned or not fall concerned based on the Falls Efficacy Scale-International and anxious or not anxious based on the Goldberg Anxiety Scale. Fall concern did not affect the physiological and sway response to the elevated platform. In response to the postural threat, the anxious participants increased their sway frequency (p = 0.001) but did not reduce sway range (p = 0.674). Conversely, non-anxious participants showed an adaptive tightening of balance control, effectively reducing sway range in the elevated condition (p < 0.001). Generalised anxiety in older adults appears to differentially affect postural control strategies under threatening conditions. |
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| Keywords: | Posture Fear Concern Anxiety Threat |
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