The Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised: Factor structure in a culturally and sociodemographically diverse sample in the United States |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States;2. Boston Children’s Hospital, United States;3. Kravis Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Mindich Child Health & Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States;1. University of Maryland, College Park;2. National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Bethesda, Maryland;3. Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri;1. Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Imaging, Cedars–Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California;2. Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;3. Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;4. FPG Child Development Institute and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;5. Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;1. Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Tenente Catão Roxo, 2260, Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP: 14051-140, Brazil;2. Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy;3. 0-3 Center for the at-Risk Infant, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842 Bosisio Parini, LC, Italy;1. Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, United States;2. Department of Human Development and Family Studies and Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, United States;2. Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, United States;3. Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States;4. Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, 87131, United States |
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| Abstract: | The recommended factor structure for the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R), a widely used parent-report measure of infant temperament, has limited empirical support. Moreover, the recommended factors were developed using homogenous samples not representative of current United States (U.S.) sociodemographics. The objective of this study was to examine the factor structure of the IBQ-R in a culturally and sociodemographically diverse U.S. cohort (N = 380 mother-infant dyads). Mothers were assessed during pregnancy on a range of cultural and sociodemographic characteristics and completed the IBQ-R when their infants were 6 months of age. The sample was diverse on maternal marital status, educational attainment, household income, race/ethnicity, primary language spoken, and country of birth. Initial confirmatory factor analysis for the recommended three-factor model yielded a poor fit. Modifications employed in other studies failed to improve model fit. An exploratory factor analysis revealed an acceptable model fit for a three-factor solution that showed similarities to as well as differences from the originally proposed factor structure. Additional analyses suggested lack of invariance on several factor and scale scores by maternal country of birth, race/ethnicity, and household income. The findings suggest that the commonly used IBQ-R factor structure may need to be adjusted for diverse samples and deserves further study. |
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| Keywords: | Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R) Temperament Factor analysis Factor structure Sociodemographic diversity Cultural differences |
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