Binocular vision in infancy: Responsiveness to uncrossed horizontal disparity |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Michigan Medical School, Summer Biomedical Research Program, United States;2. Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States;1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University School of Medicine, USA;2. Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, USA;3. Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, USA;4. Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, USA;5. Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, USA;6. OMNI-Net for Children International Charitable Fund, Rivne Regional Medical Diagnostic Center, Rivne Province, Ukraine;7. Department of Medical Genetics, University of South Alabama, USA;8. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA;1. The Pennsylvania State University, United States;2. University of New Orleans, United States;3. Yale University, United States;4. University of Pittsburgh, United States;5. University of Oregon, United States |
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| Abstract: | This research explored the onset of stereopsis, the ability to perceive depth from the different views provided by the two eyes. In a longitudinal study, infants were tested weekly from 6 to 20 weeks of age. The primary goal of the study was to establish the onset and the early development of sensitivity to uncrossed horizontal disparity. The infant participants were shown dynamic random dot stereograms displaying two squares, one with uncrossed horizontal disparity (0.5°) and one with vertical disparity (0.5°). The stimuli were presented on an autostereoscopic monitor. We used two methods, the forced-choice preferential looking (FPL) method and the classical natural preference (CNP) method, to measure whether the infants preferred the uncrossed over the vertical disparity display. According to the FPL data, the mean relative preferences for horizontal over vertical disparity were significantly greater than chance probability (0.50) from 13 weeks of age onward. With the CNP method we found significant preferences for uncrossed horizontal disparity from 15 weeks onward. The FPL method was hence more sensitive than the CNP method as it indicated an earlier onset of responsiveness to stereoscopic information. |
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| Keywords: | Infant vision Perceptual development Stereoscopic vision Horizontal disparity |
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