科学发明中原型启发的创造性思维成分及其脑机制

目前对创造性思维的测量及神经机制的研究, 国际上大多采用发散思维任务、远距离联想测验、顿悟问题解决等任务。但这些测量工具大多停留在对非科学类问题解决的研究上, 因此生态效度和预测效度都不高。本项目在前面研究的基础上, 探讨更符合现实生活的科学发明中原型启发的创造性思维成分及机制。研究一通过两个行为实验探索原型启发能力的创造性思维成分测试的结构效度; 研究二运用大样本磁共振数据, 从脑机制上进一步验证创造性思维成分的结构效度; 研究三通过3个核磁任务态探索原型启发能力的主要创造性思维成分的脑机制; 研究四试图在高校和企业研发机构进行跟踪研究, 检验创造性思维成分测试的预测效度。通过本项目的开展, 希望开发具有更高预测效度和生态效度的用于发明创造领域的创造性测量工具。

The creative components and neural mechanism of prototype heuristics in scientific innovation

Currently,divergent thinking task,remote association task and insight task have been widely used in evaluating one's creativity ability and the neural mechanism of creativity.However,these tools are non-scientific problem-solving tasks,the ecological validity and predictive validity are limited.Based on the previous studies,this project aims at investigating the creativity construct and mechanism of prototype heuristic with real scientific innovation problem.In the first study,two behavior experiments were adopted to explore the creativity components of prototype heuristics in scientific innovation problem solving.The second study examined the construct validity of these creativity components with the functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging data.In the third study,three fMRI experiments were adopted to explore the brain mechanism of creativity components of prototype heuristics when participants tried to solve scientific innovation problem.The last study tested the predictive validity of these creativity component tests with tracking study in colleges and companies.The ultimate goal of this project was developing new creative thinking tests which have desirable predictive validity and ecological validity.