唱音障碍的认知神经机制

唱音障碍是“五音不全”的一种表现形式。对唱音障碍的判定依赖于具体的评估方式、测试任务及测量指标。目前来看, 采用多任务、多指标以及相对标准是较为合理的办法。发生于歌唱过程(知觉、感觉运动转换、发声运动控制、记忆)中任一加工阶段的功能缺陷都可能导致唱音障碍, 但感觉运动转换缺陷被认为是唱音障碍的主要成因。最新的MMIA模型在内部模型的基础上描述了感觉运动转换缺陷的具体机制。未来研究一方面应进一步检验并完善当前的MMIA模型, 厘清唱音障碍的认知神经机制, 另一方面应利用现有成果为个体改善和提高自身的音准提供实质性的帮助。

The cognitive and neural mechanism of poor-pitch singing

In spite of the fact that the majority can carry a tune,some individuals show deficits in producing or imitating pitch.During the past decade,the poor-pitch singing domain has produced a large body of literature on the definition,cause and mechanism of poor-pitch singing.To date,there has not been a standard strategy to identify poor-pitch singers,while it is likely to provide thorough information over an individual's singing proficiency to use the multi-task,multi-measure,and relative criterion approach.Singing involves four major components:perception,sensorimotor integration,vocal motor controlling,and memory.Among them,the deficient sensorimotor integration is thought to be the major cause of poor-pitch singing.The recent MMIA model describes the distorted association between auditory and vocal motor imagery,offering a proposal for how the abstract notion of an internal model over the sensorimotor association is implemented within the auditory-vocal system.Future study should further explore the auditory-vocal motor association by testing and refining the MMIA model,which paves the ground to improve individuals' pitch singing skills.