道德具身认知的理论研究*

具身认知作为一种新兴思潮，强调身体经验及身体与环境的相互作用对于个体抽象概念及认知的作用。从具身认知的角度出发，考察身体和道德认知加工的关系已成为现今道德心理学和神经科学的研究热点。本文结合以往道德具身认知研究，介绍了概念隐喻理论、知觉符号理论、模拟感觉运动隐喻理论和进化理论四种道德具身认知理论，讨论并分析了现有理论研究中存在的矛盾与问题。未来的研究可在多文化背景下进行，并依靠认知神经科学技术对道德的具身认知机制进行更深入的探究。

Theories of Embodied Cognition in Morality

As an emerging trend, embodied cognition emphasized on the role of physical experience and the interaction between body and environment in the formation of abstract cognition. From the perspective of embodied cognition, examining the relationship between the process of body and advanced social cognition has become one of the hottest research topics nowadays. Combined with previous researches, We mainly focused on conceptual metaphor theory, perceptual symbol theory, simulating sensorimotor metaphors, evolutionary theory and the neural mechanisms under the interaction be tween embodied cognition and moral processing. Also, conflicts and problems brought up by these theories were discussed. Future study can be carried out in a multi-cultural background; the neural mechanism of embodied cognition in morality can be explored by applying cognitive neuroscience technologies.