巴坎公式与时态逻辑

本文分析了普赖尔等学者有关时间与存在关系的论述,深入考察了时态逻辑中关于巴坎公式的理论得失,指出:巴坎公式及其逆二者之组合意味着每个可能世界有同样的个体域,而在时态逻辑中,可能世界是不同时间的世界,因而不同时间有同样的个体域,这违背了现实世界的实际图景。在现实世界中,不同时间可以有不同的事物,这意味着不同时间的个体域可以不同。据此,在时态逻辑中,我们应该拒斥巴坎公式。

The Barcan Formula and Tense Logic

This paper analyzes that scholars such as Prior expounds the relations between time and existence,and profoundly explores the gain and loss of the theory related to the Barcan formula in tense logic.The paper points out that the combinations of the Barcan formula and its converse mean that there is the same individual domains in each possible world.However,the possible worlds consist of the worlds at different times in tense logic.That is to say,there are the same individual domains at different times,which violates the actual picture of the real world.There can be the different things at different times in real world,which means that there can be different individual domains at different times.Hence we should reject the Barcan formula in tense logic.