The influence of between and within-person hope among emergency responders on daily affect in a stress and coping model |
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| Authors: | Laurie E Steffen Bruce W Smith |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications), Beijing 100876, China;2. School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;1. 1 LMU Drive, Dept. of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University, United States;2. Dept. of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, United States;1. Departments of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Albert-Szent Györgyi Medical Centre, Szeged, Hungary;2. First Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, Albert-Szent Györgyi Medical Centre, Szeged, Hungary;3. Medical Biology, University of Szeged, Albert-Szent Györgyi Medical Centre, Szeged, Hungary;4. Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Albert-Szent Györgyi Medical Centre, Szeged, Hungary;1. Department of Urology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France;2. Department of Urology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Psychology, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Marillac Hall sb36, Jamaica, NY 11439, United States;2. Department of Educational Psychology, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Viet Nam |
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| Abstract: | This study reports on daily hope, coping, stress, and affect among 84 fire service members who completed a 21-day diary. Multilevel modeling showed that between-person hope was related to higher positive affect. Three-way interactions were found for within-person hope, stress, and daily coping in the prediction of daily affect. When under high stress and if low in hope, more emotion–expression coping predicted higher next day positive affect whereas if high in hope, more problem-focused coping predicted more positive affect. Within-person hope, stress, and emotion–expression coping interacted to predict negative affect. Findings for the prediction of negative affect necessitate further research to determine if the nature of coping under low hope and low stress is qualitatively distinct from high hope states. |
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| Keywords: | Individual differences Hope Cognitive style Emotion Stress reactions Emergency responders |
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