云南省大学生自杀行为及相关因素分析

采用SCL-90、青少年生活事件量表、应对方式量表、社会支持评定量表和自编的外显行为量表对云南省3313名大学生进行了测查,并探讨了包括自杀意念及自杀企图在内的自杀行为状况及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)427(13.2%)名大学生有自杀意念,卡方检验显示女生人数显著多于男生;154(4.7%)名大学生有过自杀企图,男女生人数没有显著差异;(2)自杀意念和自杀企图在人口统计学变量上有显著差异:在自杀意念上,女生、独生子女、文科生、来自城市的学生和不完整家庭的学生、月支出少于100元的学生得分显著高于与之对应的大学生;而在自杀企图上,只有来自城市的学生和不完整家庭的学生、月支出少于100元的学生得分显著高于与之对应的大学生;(3)大学生自杀意念和自杀企图与心理症状、生活事件、情感中心应对呈显著的正相关,与问题中心应对、社会支持呈显著的负相关;(4)在结构模型中,社会支持在心理症状和自杀行为中起到显著的调节作用,情感中心应对在生活事件、社会支持、社会支持对心理症状的调节作用中起显著的中介作用,而问题中心应对在生活事件、社会支持、社会支持对事件的调节作用中起显著的中介作用。

A Study on Suicidal Behavior and Its Related Factors among Undergraduates in Yun Nan Province

SCL-90,the Ways of Coping-Revised Scale,the Social Support Revised Scale,Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist and Self-designed Questionnaire on Suicidal Behavior including suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were used to study the suicidal behavior and its related factors among 3313 college undergraduates in Yunnan Province.The results showed:(1) 427(13.2%)undergraduates had suicidal ideation,which female's number were significantly more than male in Chi-square test;And 154(4.7%)undergraduates had suicide attempts,but there were no significant different between female and male;(2)Suicidal behavior had significant different in demographic variables,which female,singleton,liberal students,the students from city and incomplete family had significant high suicidal ideation score than corresponding students,and only the students from city and incomplete family had significant high suicidal attempt score than corresponding students;(3) Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was positively related to emotion-focused coping,life events and mental healthy problems,but negatively related to problem-focused coping and social support;(4) In the SEM,Social Support could be moderate variable between mental health and suicidal behavior,and coping could be mediate variable between life events,social support,interaction of mental health and social support,interaction of life events and social support and suicidal behavior.