Effects of top-down guidance and singleton priming on visual search |
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Authors: | Dominique Lamy Yoav Bar-Anan Howard E Egeth Tomer Carmel |
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Institution: | Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel. domi@post.tau.ac.il |
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Abstract: | Recent literature suggests that observers can use advance knowledge of the target feature to guide their search but fail to
do so whenever the target is reliably a singleton. Instead, they engage in singletondetection mode—that is, they search for
the most salient object. In the present study, we aimed to test the notion of a default salience-based search mode. Using
several measures, we compared search for a known target when it is always a singleton (fixed-singleton search) relative to
when it is incidentally a singleton (multiple-target search). We examined the relative contributions of strategic factors
(knowledge that the target is a singleton) and intertrial repetition effects (singleton priming, or the advantage of responding to a singleton target if the target on the previous trial had also been a singleton). In
two experiments, singleton priming eliminated all the differences in performance between fixed-singleton and multiple-target
search, suggesting that search for a known singleton may be feature based rather than salience based. |
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Keywords: | |
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