性别刻板印象及刻板信息对3～9岁儿童玩具选择的影响

采用玩具选择任务，通过对角色性别刻板玩具偏好的描述，考察3-9岁儿童对自己和他人性别刻板印象的发展状况，及外部信息对儿童选择的影响。结果表明：（1）儿童在玩具选择中表现出的性剐刻板印象在4．5岁显著增强，在7～9岁趋于稳定；（2）男孩性别刻板印象的形成先于女孩；（3）学龄前期儿童对不舍性别刻板信息的女性角色最不刻板，性别刻板信息会显著增加女孩对异性角色的刺板程度，而男孩则对自身的玩具选择最为刺板：（4）5-6岁时，儿童对自身玩具选择的性别刻板要求显著增强。总的来说，儿童的性别刻板印象受到内部认知发展和社会环境的共同作用。

The Development of Children's Gender Stereotype and the Influence of Stereotyped Information

This study aimed to test the development of gender stereotype and the influence of gender stereotyped information among 418 children aged from 3 to 9 years old.A toy-choosing task was designed in which additional information about target's stereotyped toy preference was added.The results showed that:(1) Gender stereotype in children's toy preferences was greatly increased between 4 and 5 years old,and kept steady from 7 to 9 years old.(2) Boys' stereotype developed earlier than girls'.(3) Among pre-school children,girls' gender stereotype for male target with stereotyped information was stronger than that for female target with no additional information,and boys' stereotype for themselves was stronger than that for female target with no additional information.(4) Between the age 5 and 6,children's gender stereotype in toy preference for themselves was greatly increased.