神经颗粒素与脑老化、疾病及应激关系

神经颗粒素是一种神经元特异性、Ca2＋敏感性的鈣调蛋白（CaM）结合蛋白，是蛋白激酶C的突触后底物，与信号传导和长时程增强（LTP）有关。这是一种新发现的脑特异性蛋白质。主要分布在前脑和海马，在皮质、海马CA1-CA3区、齿状回、纹状体和杏仁核中高表达。在大脑发育的不同阶段，神经颗粒素在脑内的含量和分布区域会发生变化，其生物学作用受到国内外学者的关注。近年来国外学者开始对神经颗粒素与脑老化、疾病及应激关系进行考查。该文将着重介绍对神经颗粒素在脑老化、疾病和应激过程中所扮演的角色的研究工作及其新发现，目的是对脑与行为关系的理解及有关的脑机制的研究提供一个新的视点。

Involvement of Neurogranin in Aging, Disease, and Stress

Neurogranin (RC3 )is a brain-specific protein newly found,which is a neuron-specific,Ca2 sensitive/calmodulin-binding protein kinase C substrate, and is involved in the process of signaling conduction and long-term potentiation. It is mainly distributed in the hippocampus and forebrain. Furthermore, it has been mostly found in dendritic spines and neuronal cell bodies of these areas, with some infrequent presence in axonal profiles and in the internal capsule. During the different phase of brain development, the numbers and distribution of neurogranin will be happened to change. Recently the studies on neurogranin began to focus on examining the relationship between it and aging, diseases and stress, and to discuss the functional pathway and the possible brain mechanism involving in aging, disease and stress. This review attempts to introduce the related researches, which may shed new light on the understanding of the relationship between brain and behavior as well as the mechanism studies.