Profiles of Contextual Risk at Birth and Adolescent Substance Use |
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| Authors: | Gilbert R. Parra Gail L. Smith W. Alex Mason Jukka Savolainen Mary B. Chmelka Jouko Miettunen Marjo-Riitta Järvelin Irma Moilanen Juha Veijola |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Deparment of Child, Youth and Family Studies,University of Nebraska-Lincoln,Lincoln,USA;2.Boys Town National Research Institute for Child and Family Studies,Boys Town,USA;3.Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, ICPSR,Ann Arbor,USA;4.Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu,Oulu,Finland;5.Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu,Oulu,Finland;6.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,MRC PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College,London,UK;7.PEDEGO Research Center, University of Oulu,Oulu,Finland;8.Department of Child Psychiatry,Oulu University Hospital,Oulu,Finland;9.Department of Psychiatry, Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience,University of Oulu,Oulu,Finland;10.Department of Psychiatry,University Hospital of Oulu,Oulu,Finland |
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| Abstract: | This study examined whether there are subgroups of families with distinct profiles of prenatal/birth contextual risk, and whether subgroup membership was differentially related to adolescent substance use. Data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 were used. A five-class model provided the most meaningful solution. Large Family Size (7.72%) and Low Risk (69.69%) groups had the lowest levels of alcohol, cigarette, and illegal drug use. Similar high levels for each of the three substance-related outcomes were found for Parent Substance Misuse (11.20%), Maternal School Dropout (4.66%), and Socioeconomic Disadvantage (6.72%) groups. Maternal smoking and drinking while pregnant and paternal heavy alcohol use were found to be key prenatal risk factors that tended to cluster together and co-occur with other prenatal risk factors differently for different subgroups of youth. |
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