Geometric distortions affect face recognition in chimpanzees (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pan troglodytes</Emphasis>) and monkeys (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Macaca mulatta</Emphasis>) |
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Authors: | Jessica Taubert Lisa A Parr |
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Institution: | (1) Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA;(2) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA |
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Abstract: | All primates can recognize faces and do so by analyzing the subtle variation that exists between faces. Through a series of
three experiments, we attempted to clarify the nature of second-order information processing in nonhuman primates. Experiment
one showed that both chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) tolerate geometric distortions along the vertical axis, suggesting that information about absolute position of features
does not contribute to accurate face recognition. Chimpanzees differed from monkeys, however, in that they were more sensitive
to distortions along the horizontal axis, suggesting that when building a global representation of facial identity, horizontal
relations between features are more diagnostic of identity than vertical relations. Two further experiments were performed
to determine whether the monkeys were simply less sensitive to horizontal relations compared to chimpanzees or were instead
relying on local features. The results of these experiments confirm that monkeys can utilize a holistic strategy when discriminating
between faces regardless of familiarity. In contrast, our data show that chimpanzees, like humans, use a combination of holistic
and local features when the faces are unfamiliar, but primarily holistic information when the faces become familiar. We argue
that our comparative approach to the study of face recognition reveals the impact that individual experience and social organization
has on visual cognition. |
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